Soy un ingeniero mecánico con el deseo de aprender cosas de electrónica.
Estoy trabajando estos días para aprender la comunicación TWI (I2C) en Atmega32. Con una gran cantidad de búsquedas en Internet, he logrado obtener un tutorial que explica cómo puedo establecer una comunicación mutua entre un par de chips Atmega32.
Aquí está el código del chip Master
#include<avr/io.h>
#include<util/delay.h>
#include<inttypes.h>
void TWI_start(void);
void TWI_repeated_start(void);
void TWI_init_master(void);
void TWI_write_address(unsigned char);
void TWI_read_address(unsigned char);
void TWI_write_data(unsigned char);
void TWI_read_data(void);
void TWI_stop(void);
unsigned char address=0x20, read=1, write=0;
unsigned char write_data=0x01, recv_data;
int main(void)
{
_delay_ms(2000);
DDRB=0xff;
TWI_init_master(); // Function to initialize TWI
while(1)
{
if(write_data==0x00)
write_data=1;
// Function to send start condition
TWI_start();
// Function to write address and data direction bit(write) on SDA
TWI_write_address(address+write);
// Function to write data in slave
TWI_write_data(write_data);
// Function to send stop condition
TWI_stop();
_delay_ms(10); // Delay of 10 mili second
TWI_start();
// Function to write address and data direction bit(read) on SDA
TWI_read_address(address+read);
TWI_read_data();
// Function to read data from slave
TWI_stop();
_delay_ms(1000);
write_data = write_data * 2;
}
}
void TWI_init_master(void) // Function to initialize master
{
TWBR=0x01; // Bit rate
TWSR=(0<<TWPS1)|(0<<TWPS0); // Setting prescalar bits
// SCL freq= F_CPU/(16+2(TWBR).4^TWPS)
}
void TWI_start(void)
{
// Clear TWI interrupt flag, Put start condition on SDA, Enable TWI
TWCR= (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWSTA)|(1<<TWEN);
while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // Wait till start condition is transmitted
while((TWSR & 0xF8)!= 0x08); // Check for the acknowledgement
}
void TWI_repeated_start(void)
{
// Clear TWI interrupt flag, Put start condition on SDA, Enable TWI
TWCR= (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWSTA)|(1<<TWEN);
while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // wait till restart condition is transmitted
while((TWSR & 0xF8)!= 0x10); // Check for the acknowledgement
}
void TWI_write_address(unsigned char data)
{
TWDR=data; // Address and write instruction
TWCR=(1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN); // Clear TWI interrupt flag,Enable TWI
while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // Wait till complete TWDR byte transmitted
while((TWSR & 0xF8)!= 0x18); // Check for the acknowledgement
}
void TWI_read_address(unsigned char data)
{
TWDR=data; // Address and read instruction
TWCR=(1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN); // Clear TWI interrupt flag,Enable TWI
while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // Wait till complete TWDR byte received
while((TWSR & 0xF8)!= 0x40); // Check for the acknowledgement
}
void TWI_write_data(unsigned char data)
{
TWDR=data; // put data in TWDR
TWCR=(1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN); // Clear TWI interrupt flag,Enable TWI
while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // Wait till complete TWDR byte transmitted
while((TWSR & 0xF8) != 0x28); // Check for the acknowledgement
}
void TWI_read_data(void)
{
TWCR=(1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN); // Clear TWI interrupt flag,Enable TWI
while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // Wait till complete TWDR byte transmitted
while((TWSR & 0xF8) != 0x58); // Check for the acknowledgement
recv_data=TWDR;
PORTB=recv_data;
}
void TWI_stop(void)
{
// Clear TWI interrupt flag, Put stop condition on SDA, Enable TWI
TWCR= (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN)|(1<<TWSTO);
while(!(TWCR & (1<<TWSTO))); // Wait till stop condition is transmitted
}
Mientras que el código del chip Slave es:
#include<avr/io.h>
#include<util/delay.h>
void TWI_init_slave(void);
void TWI_match_read_slave(void);
void TWI_read_slave(void);
void TWI_match_write_slave(void);
void TWI_write_slave(void);
unsigned char write_data,recv_data;
int main(void)
{
DDRB=0xff;
TWI_init_slave(); // Function to initialize slave
while(1)
{
//Function to match the slave address and slave direction bit(read)
TWI_match_read_slave();
// Function to read data
TWI_read_slave();
// Togglem the receive data
write_data=~recv_data;
//Function to match the slave address and slave direction bit(write)
TWI_match_write_slave();
// Function to write data
TWI_write_slave();
}
}
// Function to initialize slave
void TWI_init_slave(void)
{
// Fill slave address to TWAR
TWAR=0x20;
}
void TWI_write_slave(void) // Function to write data
{
// Fill TWDR register with the data to be sent
TWDR= write_data;
// Enable TWI, Clear TWI interrupt flag
TWCR= (1<<TWEN)|(1<<TWINT);
// Wait for the acknowledgement
while((TWSR & 0xF8) != 0xC0);
}
// Function to match the slave address and slave
void TWI_match_write_slave(void)dirction bit(write)
{
// Loop till correct acknowledgement have been received
while((TWSR & 0xF8)!= 0xA8)
{
// Get acknowledgment, Enable TWI, Clear TWI interrupt flag
TWCR=(1<<TWEA)|(1<<TWEN)|(1<<TWINT);
while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT))); // Wait for TWINT flag
}
}
void TWI_read_slave(void)
{
// Clear TWI interrupt flag,Get acknowledgement, Enable TWI
TWCR= (1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEA)|(1<<TWEN);
// Wait for TWINT flag
while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
// Wait for acknowledgement
while((TWSR & 0xF8)!=0x80);
// Get value from TWDR
recv_data=TWDR;
// send the receive value on PORTB
PORTB=recv_data;
}
//Function to match the slave address and slave direction bit(read)
void TWI_match_read_slave(void)
{
// Loop till correct acknoledgement have been received
while((TWSR & 0xF8)!= 0x60)
{
// Get acknowlegement, Enable TWI, Clear TWI interrupt flag
TWCR=(1<<TWEA)|(1<<TWEN)|(1<<TWINT);
// Wait for TWINT flag
while (!(TWCR & (1<<TWINT)));
}
}
El código funciona bien en la simulación para la primera fase de MasterTransmitter-SlaveReceiver.
Sin embargo, para la segunda fase de MasterReceiver-SlaveTransmitter, la simulación parece no mostrar ninguna acción e incluso no pasa al modo MasterTransmitter-SlaveReceiver.