¿Archivos mínimos para Atmega1284p AVR-GCC?

Navega tus respuestas
1

¿Alguien tiene la configuración mínima (es decir, un 1284p Makefile y un ejemplo blink.c ) para un ATMega1284p y AVR-GCC? Parece que estoy atascado configurando las cosas con el uso del IDE de Arduino y me gustaría probar la configuración de mi mezcla con un simple LED parpadeante para descartar cualquier error aquí.

Estos son algunos datos:

Makefile : 

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# On command line:
# make all = Make software.
# make clean = Clean out built project files.
# make coff = Convert ELF to AVR COFF.
# make extcoff = Convert ELF to AVR Extended COFF.
# make program = Download the hex file to the device, using avrdude.
#                Please customize the avrdude settings below first!
# make debug = Start either simulavr or avarice as specified for debugging,
#              with avr-gdb or avr-insight as the front end for debugging.
# make filename.s = Just compile filename.c into the assembler code only.
# make filename.i = Create a preprocessed source file for use in submitting
#                   bug reports to the GCC project.
# To rebuild project do "make clean" then "make all".
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------


# MCU name
MCU = atmega1284p


# Processor frequency.
#     This will define a symbol, F_CPU, in all source code files equal to the
#     processor frequency. You can then use this symbol in your source code to
#     calculate timings. Do NOT tack on a 'UL' at the end, this will be done
#     automatically to create a 32-bit value in your source code.
#     Typical values are:
#         F_CPU =  1000000
#         F_CPU =  1843200
#         F_CPU =  2000000
#         F_CPU =  3686400
#         F_CPU =  4000000
#         F_CPU =  7372800
         F_CPU =  8000000
#         F_CPU = 11059200
#         F_CPU = 14745600
#         F_CPU = 16000000
#         F_CPU = 18432000
#         F_CPU = 20000000
#         F_CPU = 8000000


# Output format. (can be srec, ihex, binary)
FORMAT = ihex


# Target file name (without extension).
TARGET = main


# Object files directory
OBJDIR = obj


# List C source files here. (C dependencies are automatically generated.)
SRC = $(TARGET).c


# List C++ source files here. (C dependencies are automatically generated.)
CPPSRC =


# List Assembler source files here.
#     Make them always end in a capital .S.  Files ending in a lowercase .s
#     will not be considered source files but generated files (assembler
#     output from the compiler), and will be deleted upon "make clean"!
#     Even though the DOS/Win* filesystem matches both .s and .S the same,
#     it will preserve the spelling of the filenames, and gcc itself does
#     care about how the name is spelled on its command-line.
ASRC =


# Optimization level, can be [0, 1, 2, 3, s].
#     0 = turn off optimization. s = optimize for size.
#     (Note: 3 is not always the best optimization level. See avr-libc FAQ.)
OPT = s


# Debugging format.
#     Native formats for AVR-GCC's -g are dwarf-2 [default] or stabs.
#     AVR Studio 4.10 requires dwarf-2.
#     AVR [Extended] COFF format requires stabs, plus an avr-objcopy run.
DEBUG = dwarf-2


# List any extra directories to look for include files here.
#     Each directory must be seperated by a space.
#     Use forward slashes for directory separators.
#     For a directory that has spaces, enclose it in quotes.
EXTRAINCDIRS =


# Compiler flag to set the C Standard level.
#     c89   = "ANSI" C
#     gnu89 = c89 plus GCC extensions
#     c99   = ISO C99 standard (not yet fully implemented)
#     gnu99 = c99 plus GCC extensions
CSTANDARD = -std=gnu99


# Place -D or -U options here for C sources
CDEFS = -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU)UL


# Place -D or -U options here for C++ sources
CPPDEFS = -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU)UL
#CPPDEFS += -D__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
#CPPDEFS += -D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS



#---------------- Compiler Options C ----------------
#  -g*:          generate debugging information
#  -O*:          optimization level
#  -f...:        tuning, see GCC manual and avr-libc documentation
#  -Wall...:     warning level
#  -Wa,...:      tell GCC to pass this to the assembler.
#    -adhlns...: create assembler listing
CFLAGS = -g$(DEBUG)
CFLAGS += $(CDEFS)
CFLAGS += -O$(OPT)
#CFLAGS += -mint8
#CFLAGS += -mshort-calls
CFLAGS += -funsigned-char
CFLAGS += -funsigned-bitfields
CFLAGS += -fpack-struct
CFLAGS += -fshort-enums
#CFLAGS += -fno-unit-at-a-time
CFLAGS += -Wall
CFLAGS += -Wstrict-prototypes
CFLAGS += -Wundef
#CFLAGS += -Wunreachable-code
#CFLAGS += -Wsign-compare
CFLAGS += -Wa,-adhlns=$(<:%.c=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst)
CFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-I%,$(EXTRAINCDIRS))
CFLAGS += $(CSTANDARD)

# cts CFLAGS+= --combine -fwhole-program
CFLAGS+= -fwhole-program


#---------------- Compiler Options C++ ----------------
#  -g*:          generate debugging information
#  -O*:          optimization level
#  -f...:        tuning, see GCC manual and avr-libc documentation
#  -Wall...:     warning level
#  -Wa,...:      tell GCC to pass this to the assembler.
#    -adhlns...: create assembler listing
CPPFLAGS = -g$(DEBUG)
CPPFLAGS += $(CPPDEFS)
CPPFLAGS += -O$(OPT)
#CPPFLAGS += -mint8
#CPPFLAGS += -mshort-calls
CPPFLAGS += -funsigned-char
CPPFLAGS += -funsigned-bitfields
CPPFLAGS += -fpack-struct
CPPFLAGS += -fshort-enums
CPPFLAGS += -fno-exceptions
#CPPFLAGS += -fno-unit-at-a-time
CPPFLAGS += -Wall
#CPPFLAGS += -Wstrict-prototypes
CFLAGS += -Wundef
#CPPFLAGS += -Wunreachable-code
#CPPFLAGS += -Wsign-compare
CPPFLAGS += -Wa,-adhlns=$(<:%.cpp=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst)
CPPFLAGS += $(patsubst %,-I%,$(EXTRAINCDIRS))
#CPPFLAGS += $(CSTANDARD)


#---------------- Assembler Options ----------------
#  -Wa,...:   tell GCC to pass this to the assembler.
#  -ahlms:    create listing
#  -gstabs:   have the assembler create line number information; note that
#             for use in COFF files, additional information about filenames
#             and function names needs to be present in the assembler source
#             files -- see avr-libc docs [FIXME: not yet described there]
ASFLAGS = -Wa,-adhlns=$(<:%.S=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst),-gstabs


#---------------- Library Options ----------------
# Minimalistic printf version
PRINTF_LIB_MIN = -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_min

# Floating point printf version (requires MATH_LIB = -lm below)
PRINTF_LIB_FLOAT = -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_flt

# If this is left blank, then it will use the Standard printf version.
PRINTF_LIB =
#PRINTF_LIB = $(PRINTF_LIB_MIN)
#PRINTF_LIB = $(PRINTF_LIB_FLOAT)


# Minimalistic scanf version
SCANF_LIB_MIN = -Wl,-u,vfscanf -lscanf_min

# Floating point + %[ scanf version (requires MATH_LIB = -lm below)
SCANF_LIB_FLOAT = -Wl,-u,vfscanf -lscanf_flt

# If this is left blank, then it will use the Standard scanf version.
SCANF_LIB =
#SCANF_LIB = $(SCANF_LIB_MIN)
#SCANF_LIB = $(SCANF_LIB_FLOAT)


MATH_LIB = -lm



#---------------- External Memory Options ----------------

# 64 KB of external RAM, starting after internal RAM (ATmega128!),
# used for variables (.data/.bss) and heap (malloc()).
#EXTMEMOPTS = -Wl,-Tdata=0x801100,--defsym=__heap_end=0x80ffff

# 64 KB of external RAM, starting after internal RAM (ATmega128!),
# only used for heap (malloc()).
#EXTMEMOPTS = -Wl,--defsym=__heap_start=0x801100,--defsym=__heap_end=0x80ffff

EXTMEMOPTS =



#---------------- Linker Options ----------------
#  -Wl,...:     tell GCC to pass this to linker.
#    -Map:      create map file
#    --cref:    add cross reference to  map file
LDFLAGS = -Wl,-Map=$(TARGET).map,--cref
LDFLAGS += $(EXTMEMOPTS)
LDFLAGS += $(PRINTF_LIB) $(SCANF_LIB) $(MATH_LIB)
#LDFLAGS += -T linker_script.x



#---------------- Programming Options (avrdude) ----------------

# Programming hardware: alf avr910 avrisp bascom bsd
# dt006 pavr picoweb pony-stk200 sp12 stk200 stk500
#
# Type: avrdude -c ?
# to get a full listing.
#
AVRDUDE_PROGRAMMER = dragon_pp


# com1 = serial port. Use lpt1 to connect to parallel port.
AVRDUDE_PORT = usb

AVRDUDE_WRITE_FLASH = -U flash:w:$(TARGET).hex
#AVRDUDE_WRITE_EEPROM = -U eeprom:w:$(TARGET).eep


# Uncomment the following if you want avrdude's erase cycle counter.
# Note that this counter needs to be initialized first using -Yn,
# see avrdude manual.
#AVRDUDE_ERASE_COUNTER = -y

# Uncomment the following if you do /not/ wish a verification to be
# performed after programming the device.
#AVRDUDE_NO_VERIFY = -V

# Increase verbosity level.  Please use this when submitting bug
# reports about avrdude. See <http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/avrdude>
# to submit bug reports.
#AVRDUDE_VERBOSE = -v -v

AVRDUDE_FLAGS = -p $(MCU) -P $(AVRDUDE_PORT) -c $(AVRDUDE_PROGRAMMER)
AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_NO_VERIFY)
AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_VERBOSE)
AVRDUDE_FLAGS += $(AVRDUDE_ERASE_COUNTER)



#---------------- Debugging Options ----------------

# For simulavr only - target MCU frequency.
DEBUG_MFREQ = $(F_CPU)

# Set the DEBUG_UI to either gdb or insight.
DEBUG_UI = gdb
# DEBUG_UI = insight

# Set the debugging back-end to either avarice, simulavr.
#DEBUG_BACKEND = avarice
DEBUG_BACKEND = simulavr

# GDB Init Filename.
GDBINIT_FILE = __avr_gdbinit

# When using avarice settings for the JTAG
JTAG_DEV = /dev/com1

# Debugging port used to communicate between GDB / avarice / simulavr.
DEBUG_PORT = 4242

# Debugging host used to communicate between GDB / avarice / simulavr, normally
#     just set to localhost unless doing some sort of crazy debugging when
#     avarice is running on a different computer.
DEBUG_HOST = localhost



#============================================================================


# Define programs and commands.
SHELL = sh
CC = avr-gcc
OBJCOPY = avr-objcopy
OBJDUMP = avr-objdump
SIZE = avr-size
NM = avr-nm
AVRDUDE = avrdude
REMOVE = rm -f
REMOVEDIR = rm -rf
COPY = cp
WINSHELL = cmd


# Define Messages
# English
MSG_ERRORS_NONE = Errors: none
MSG_BEGIN = -------- begin --------
MSG_END = --------  end  --------
MSG_SIZE_BEFORE = Size before:
MSG_SIZE_AFTER = Size after:
MSG_COFF = Converting to AVR COFF:
MSG_EXTENDED_COFF = Converting to AVR Extended COFF:
MSG_FLASH = Creating load file for Flash:
MSG_EEPROM = Creating load file for EEPROM:
MSG_EXTENDED_LISTING = Creating Extended Listing:
MSG_SYMBOL_TABLE = Creating Symbol Table:
MSG_LINKING = Linking:
MSG_COMPILING = Compiling C:
MSG_COMPILING_CPP = Compiling C++:
MSG_ASSEMBLING = Assembling:
MSG_CLEANING = Cleaning project:
MSG_CREATING_LIBRARY = Creating library:




# Define all object files.
OBJ = $(SRC:%.c=$(OBJDIR)/%.o) $(CPPSRC:%.cpp=$(OBJDIR)/%.o) $(ASRC:%.S=$(OBJDIR)/%.o)

# Define all listing files.
LST = $(SRC:%.c=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst) $(CPPSRC:%.cpp=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst) $(ASRC:%.S=$(OBJDIR)/%.lst)


# Compiler flags to generate dependency files.
GENDEPFLAGS = -MD -MP -MF .dep/$(@F).d


# Combine all necessary flags and optional flags.
# Add target processor to flags.
ALL_CFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. $(CFLAGS) $(GENDEPFLAGS)
ALL_CPPFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. -x c++ $(CPPFLAGS) $(GENDEPFLAGS)
ALL_ASFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. -x assembler-with-cpp $(ASFLAGS)





# Default target.
all: begin gccversion sizebefore build sizeafter end

# Change the build target to build a HEX file or a library.
build: elf hex eep lss sym
#build: lib


elf: $(TARGET).elf
hex: $(TARGET).hex
eep: $(TARGET).eep
lss: $(TARGET).lss
sym: $(TARGET).sym
LIBNAME=lib$(TARGET).a
lib: $(LIBNAME)



# Eye candy.
# AVR Studio 3.x does not check make's exit code but relies on
# the following magic strings to be generated by the compile job.

begin:
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_BEGIN)

end:
    @echo $(MSG_END)
    @echo


# Display size of file.
HEXSIZE = $(SIZE) --target=$(FORMAT) $(TARGET).hex
ELFSIZE = $(SIZE) -A $(TARGET).elf
AVRMEM = avr-mem.sh $(TARGET).elf $(MCU)

sizebefore:
    @if test -f $(TARGET).elf; then echo; echo $(MSG_SIZE_BEFORE); $(ELFSIZE); \
    $(AVRMEM) 2>/dev/null; echo; fi

sizeafter:
    @if test -f $(TARGET).elf; then echo; echo $(MSG_SIZE_AFTER); $(ELFSIZE); \
    $(AVRMEM) 2>/dev/null; echo; fi



# Display compiler version information.
gccversion :
    @$(CC) --version



# Program the device.
program: $(TARGET).hex $(TARGET).eep
    $(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDE_FLAGS) $(AVRDUDE_WRITE_FLASH)
    $(AVRDUDE_WRITE_EEPROM)


# Generate avr-gdb config/init file which does the following:
#     define the reset signal, load the target file, connect to target, and set
#     a breakpoint at main().
gdb-config:
    @$(REMOVE) $(GDBINIT_FILE)
    @echo define reset >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
    @echo SIGNAL SIGHUP >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
    @echo end >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
    @echo file $(TARGET).elf >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
    @echo target remote $(DEBUG_HOST):$(DEBUG_PORT)  >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
    ifeq ($(DEBUG_BACKEND),simulavr)
    @echo load  >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)
    endif
    @echo break main >> $(GDBINIT_FILE)

debug: gdb-config $(TARGET).elf
    ifeq ($(DEBUG_BACKEND), avarice)
    @echo Starting AVaRICE - Press enter when "waiting to connect" message displays.
    @$(WINSHELL) /c start avarice --jtag $(JTAG_DEV) --erase --program --file \
$(TARGET).elf $(DEBUG_HOST):$(DEBUG_PORT)
    @$(WINSHELL) /c pause

    else
    @$(WINSHELL) /c start simulavr --gdbserver --device $(MCU) --clock-freq \
    $(DEBUG_MFREQ) --port $(DEBUG_PORT)
    endif
    @$(WINSHELL) /c start avr-$(DEBUG_UI) --command=$(GDBINIT_FILE)




# Convert ELF to COFF for use in debugging / simulating in AVR Studio or VMLAB.
    COFFCONVERT = $(OBJCOPY) --debugging
    COFFCONVERT += --change-section-address .data-0x800000
    COFFCONVERT += --change-section-address .bss-0x800000
    COFFCONVERT += --change-section-address .noinit-0x800000
    COFFCONVERT += --change-section-address .eeprom-0x810000



coff: $(TARGET).elf
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_COFF) $(TARGET).cof
    $(COFFCONVERT) -O coff-avr $< $(TARGET).cof


extcoff: $(TARGET).elf
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_EXTENDED_COFF) $(TARGET).cof
    $(COFFCONVERT) -O coff-ext-avr $< $(TARGET).cof



# Create final output files (.hex, .eep) from ELF output file.
%.hex: %.elf
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_FLASH) $@
    $(OBJCOPY) -O $(FORMAT) -R .eeprom $< $@

%.eep: %.elf
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_EEPROM) $@
    -$(OBJCOPY) -j .eeprom --set-section-flags=.eeprom="alloc,load" \
--change-section-lma .eeprom=0 -O $(FORMAT) $< $@

# Create extended listing file from ELF output file.
%.lss: %.elf
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_EXTENDED_LISTING) $@
    $(OBJDUMP) -h -S $< > $@

# Create a symbol table from ELF output file.
%.sym: %.elf
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_SYMBOL_TABLE) $@
    $(NM) -n $< > $@



# Create library from object files.
.SECONDARY : $(TARGET).a
.PRECIOUS : $(OBJ)
%.a: $(OBJ)
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_CREATING_LIBRARY) $@
    $(AR) $@ $(OBJ)


# Link: create ELF output file from object files.
.SECONDARY : $(TARGET).elf
.PRECIOUS : $(OBJ)
%.elf: $(OBJ)
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_LINKING) $@
    $(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $^ --output $@ $(LDFLAGS)


# Compile: create object files from C source files.
$(OBJDIR)/%.o : %.c
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_COMPILING) $<
    $(CC) -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $< -o $@


# Compile: create object files from C++ source files.
$(OBJDIR)/%.o : %.cpp
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_COMPILING_CPP) $<
    $(CC) -c $(ALL_CPPFLAGS) $< -o $@


# Compile: create assembler files from C source files.
%.s : %.c
    $(CC) -S $(ALL_CFLAGS) $< -o $@


# Compile: create assembler files from C++ source files.
%.s : %.cpp
    $(CC) -S $(ALL_CPPFLAGS) $< -o $@


# Assemble: create object files from assembler source files.
$(OBJDIR)/%.o : %.S
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_ASSEMBLING) $<
    $(CC) -c $(ALL_ASFLAGS) $< -o $@


# Create preprocessed source for use in sending a bug report.
%.i : %.c
    $(CC) -E -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@


# Target: clean project.
clean: begin clean_list end

clean_list :
    @echo
    @echo $(MSG_CLEANING)
    $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).hex
    $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).eep
    $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).cof
    $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).elf
    $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).map
    $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).sym
    $(REMOVE) $(TARGET).lss
    $(REMOVEDIR) $(OBJDIR)
    $(REMOVE) $(SRC:.c=.s)
    $(REMOVE) $(SRC:.c=.d)
    $(REMOVEDIR) .dep


# Create object files directory
$(shell mkdir $(OBJDIR) 2>/dev/null)


# Include the dependency files.
-include $(shell mkdir .dep 2>/dev/null) $(wildcard .dep/*)


# Listing of phony targets.
.PHONY : all begin finish end sizebefore sizeafter gccversion \
build elf hex eep lss sym coff extcoff \
clean clean_list program debug gdb-config

main.c 

#include <util/delay.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
int main (void) {
  DDRB  = 0xff;
  while(1) {
    PORTB |= (1<<PB1);    //Bit setzen - set bit
    _delay_ms(500);       // halbe sekunde warten - wait half a second
    PORTB &= ~(1<<PB1);   // Bit loeschen - reset bit
    _delay_ms(500);       // halbe sekunde warten - wait half a second
  }
 return 0;
}

El "proceso de compilación" (bueno, eso es un poco exagerado) : 

$ make

-------- begin --------
avr-gcc (GCC) 4.7.2
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Dies ist freie Software; die Kopierbedingungen stehen in den Quellen. Es
gibt KEINE Garantie; auch nicht für MARKTGÄNGIGKEIT oder FÜR SPEZIELLE ZWECKE.


Size before:
main.elf  :
section          size      addr
.data               0   8388864
.text             214         0
.stab            1848         0
.stabstr          231         0
.comment           17         0
.debug_aranges     32         0
.debug_info       363         0
.debug_abbrev     225         0
.debug_line       222         0
.debug_frame       36         0
.debug_str        201         0
.debug_ranges      16         0
Total            3405




Size after:
main.elf  :
section          size      addr
.data               0   8388864
.text             214         0
.stab            1848         0
.stabstr          231         0
.comment           17         0
.debug_aranges     32         0
.debug_info       363         0
.debug_abbrev     225         0
.debug_line       222         0
.debug_frame       36         0
.debug_str        201         0
.debug_ranges      16         0
Total            3405



-------- end --------

Subiendo todo a ATMega1284p a través del AVR Dragon usando HVPP : 

$ avrdude -c dragon_pp -P usb -p m1284p –u –U flash:w:main.hex

avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.15s

avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e9705

avrdude: safemode: Fuses OK
avrdude: jtagmkII_close(): bad response to GO command: RSP_ILLEGAL_EMULATOR_MODE

avrdude done.  Thank you.

Esto parece completo, pero no produce un blink en PORTB PB1 (o cualquier otro pin para eso). Si he olvidado algo que podría ser de ayuda, hágamelo saber.

    
pregunta Christian

2 respuestas

2

Este es mi Makefile de propósito general para uso en Linux. No lo he probado en Windows o iOS. Solo las primeras variables normalmente necesitan ser editadas. 

baudrate=19200
src=project
avrType=atmega1284p
avrFreq=20000000
programmerDev=/dev/ttyUSB003
programmerType=arduino

cflags=-g -DF_CPU=$(avrFreq) -Wall -Os -Werror -Wextra

memoryTypes=calibration eeprom efuse flash fuse hfuse lfuse lock signature application apptable boot prodsig usersig

.PHONY: backup clean disassemble dumpelf edit eeprom elf flash fuses help hex makefile object program

SHELL := /bin/bash

ifdef baudrate
    baud=-b$(baudrate)
else
    baud=
endif

help:
        @echo 'backup           Read all known memory types from controller and write it into a file. Available memory types: $(memoryTypes)'
        @echo 'clean            Delete automatically created files.'
        @echo 'disassemble      Compile source code, then disassemble object file to mnemonics.'
        @echo 'dumpelf          Dump the contents of the .elf file. Useful for information purposes only.'
        @echo 'edit             Edit the .cpp source file.'
        @echo 'eeprom           Extract EEPROM data from .elf file and program the device with it.'
        @echo 'elf              Create $(src).elf'
        @echo 'flash            Program $(src).hex to controller flash memory.'
        @echo 'fuses            Extract FUSES data from .elf file and program the device with it.'
        @echo 'help             Show this text.'
        @echo 'hex              Create all hex files for flash, eeprom and fuses.'
        @echo 'object           Create $(src).o'
        @echo 'program          Do all programming to controller.'

edit:
    [[ ! -f $(src).cpp ]] && echo '// VERSION: ' > $(src).cpp
    vi '$(src).cpp' -s <( printf ":set number\n:1 s/^\/\/ VERSION: .*$$/\/\/ VERSION: $$(date)/g\n" )

makefile:
        vi Makefile


clean: 
        rm $(src).elf $(src).eeprom.hex $(src).fuses.hex $(src).lfuse.hex $(src).hfuse.hex $(src).efuse.hex $(src).flash.hex $(src).o
        date

object:
        avr-gcc $(cflags) -mmcu=$(avrType) -Wa,-ahlmns=$(src).lst -c -o $(src).o $(src).cpp 

elf: object
        avr-gcc $(cflags) -mmcu=$(avrType) -o $(src).elf $(src).o
        chmod a-x $(src).elf 2>&1

hex:    elf
        avr-objcopy -j .text -j .data -O ihex $(src).elf $(src).flash.hex
        avr-objcopy -j .eeprom --set-section-flags=.eeprom="alloc,load" --change-section-lma .eeprom=0 -O ihex $(src).elf $(src).eeprom.hex
        avr-objcopy -j .fuse -O ihex $(src).elf $(src).fuses.hex --change-section-lma .fuse=0
        srec_cat $(src).fuses.hex -Intel -crop 0x00 0x01 -offset  0x00 -O $(src).lfuse.hex -Intel
        srec_cat $(src).fuses.hex -Intel -crop 0x01 0x02 -offset -0x01 -O $(src).hfuse.hex -Intel
        srec_cat $(src).fuses.hex -Intel -crop 0x02 0x03 -offset -0x02 -O $(src).efuse.hex -Intel

disassemble: elf
        avr-objdump -s -j .fuse $(src).elf
        avr-objdump -C -d $(src).elf 2>&1

eeprom: hex
        #avrdude -p$(avrType) -c$(programmerType) -P$(programmerDev) $(baud) -v -U eeprom:w:$(src).eeprom.hex
        date

fuses: hex
        avrdude -p$(avrType) -c$(programmerType) -P$(programmerDev) $(baud) -v -U lfuse:w:$(src).lfuse.hex
        #avrdude -p$(avrType) -c$(programmerType) -P$(programmerDev) $(baud) -v -U hfuse:w:$(src).hfuse.hex
        #avrdude -p$(avrType) -c$(programmerType) -P$(programmerDev) $(baud) -v -U efuse:w:$(src).efuse.hex
        date

dumpelf: elf
        avr-objdump -s -h $(src).elf

program: flash eeprom fuses

flash: hex
        avrdude -p$(avrType) -c$(programmerType) -P$(programmerDev) $(baud) -v -U flash:w:$(src).flash.hex
        date

backup:
        @for memory in $(memoryTypes); do \
                avrdude -p $(avrType) -c$(programmerType) -P$(programmerDev) $(baud) -v -U $$memory:r:./$(avrType).$$memory.hex:i; \
        done

La compilación se configura de tal manera que cualquier advertencia arrojará un error y se cerrará. Sin embargo, a veces puede parecer una molestia, en realidad es una buena práctica de programación.

Normalmente creo un directorio con el nombre de mi proyecto, por ejemplo. %código%. Luego en ese directorio copio mi genérico blink y creo Makefile . Siempre uso el mismo nombre para el archivo project.cpp , por lo que no tengo que cambiar mi cpp

Para compilar y flashear Makefile simplemente escribe project.cpp . Si desea más información sobre las otras opciones en el tipo de archivo make make flash .

Lo que sucede cuando escribes make help es:

  • se ejecuta la dependencia make flash ;
  • hex a su vez tiene una dependencia propia: hex , que se ejecuta;
  • elf también tiene una dependencia: elf , que por lo tanto se ejecuta;
  • object no tiene dependencias, por lo que ejecuta los comandos en la siguiente línea: object ;
  • cuando se cumple la dependencia avr-gcc ... , el control se devuelve a object , que ejecuta los comandos en las líneas debajo de él;
  • el control se devuelve a elf ...;
  • se devuelve el control a flash ...

Si no planea usar este Makefile para quemar los fusibles, puede comentar las líneas hex , un comando que a menudo necesita ser instalado ( srec_cat en las distribuciones similares a Debian).

    
respondido por el jippie
3

Suponiendo que tiene avrdude , puede ejecutar estos simples comandos para cargar un archivo HEX en su AVR.

Este comando compilará el archivo .c o .cpp en un archivo .elf :

1: avr-gcc -mmcu=atmega1284p -Wall -Os -o src.elf blink.c

La parte -mmcu= especifica tu parte para que pueda compilar tu archivo .c para tu ATmega1284p

Y puede ver claramente que puede cambiar el nombre del archivo .elf o el archivo de entrada

Este comando analizará su archivo .elf en un archivo .hex :

2: avr-objcopy -j .text -j .data -O ihex src.elf src.hex

Y, como ves nuevamente, puedes cambiar los archivos de entrada ( src.elf = input & src.hex = output)

Y este comando cargará el archivo .hex a tu AVR:

3: avrdude -p m1284p -c arduino -P /dev/ttyACM0 -b 9600 -U flash:w:src.hex

La parte -p especifica la parte que programará

La etiqueta -c muestra qué tipo de programador usarás

La etiqueta -P muestra dónde se encuentra su programador, esta etiqueta es opcional, pero si obtiene algún error en avrdude al no encontrar su AVR, debe agregar la etiqueta -P , si no sabe donde se encuentra su dispositivo, abra el IDE de Arduino e intente cargarle un archivo sin que Arduino esté enchufado. Debería indicar que no pudo encontrar su dispositivo en el directorio de tal y cual modo.

El comando -b especifica la velocidad en baudios entre el programador y la computadora

El -U carga el archivo .hex en su AVR

Me ha resultado más útil usar estos comandos con todas las etiquetas y variables y tampoco recibo muchos errores con demasiada frecuencia.

Si recibes algún error, no dudes en comentar y te ayudaré. No me gustan los Makefiles, tengo problemas con ellos. Espero que ayude!

P.S. He creado un archivo 'makefile' de Java que lo carga todo de la manera más simple, si está interesado, anote lo siguiente.

EDIT: (Gracias cristiano)

Por favor, ponga esto en su archivo .c o .cpp : 

#define F_CPU ... // The clock rate of your AVR, usually measured in MHz
    
respondido por el user151324

Lea otras preguntas en las etiquetas

Ancho de banda de bucle cerrado vs ancho de banda de bucle abierto Línea de alimentación de CC de alto voltaje para baterías